Ijtihad-Ijma

“Bismillahir Rahmannir Raheem”Al-Hamdu Lillaahi Rabbil ‘Aalameen was Salaatu was- Salaamu ‘Alaa Sayidinaa Muhammadin wa Aalihi wa Asabihi Ajma ‘een (tauheed- risalat- ahkirat and islam-iman-ihsan)

Bukhari and Muslim relate from Abu Hurayra (Ra) that at the dawn prayer the Prophet (ﷺ) said to Bilal, “Bilal, tell me which of your acts in Islam you are most hopeful about, for I have heard the footfall of your sandals in paradise”, and he replied, “I have done nothing I am more hopeful about than the fact that I do not perform ablution at any time of the night or day without praying with that ablution whatever has been destined for me to pray.”

Ibn Hajar Asqalani says in Fath al-Bari that the hadith shows it is permissible to use personal reasoning (ijtihad) in choosing times for acts of worship, for Bilal reached the conclusions he mentioned by his own inference, and the Prophet (ﷺ) confirmed him therein.

Fahm e deen /understanding deen(ilm/hikmat/baseerat/firasat/ilm ul ahkam/asrar etc)

1.Quran

…….the wise may ponder over its Verses and seek direction and guidance. (38/29)

2.Sunnah

“I have left amongst you two things. You will not go astray so long as you hold fast to them. These are the Book of Allah, and the Sunnah of His Messenger.” (Malik)

3.Quran /sunnah and its derivatives

“Knowledge consists of three things: the decisive verses (Qur’an), authentic Hâdîth and prescriptions rightly deduced from the two.  What is beside them is superfluous.”  (Ibn Majah 1/54 and Abu Dawud 2879)

4.Ijma

“Without doubt, my Ummah will never be gathered in misguidance. Whenever you see disagreement, then hold fast to the greater majority.”[Ibne Majah]

5.Qiyas/research

Mu’adh Bin Jabal (r.a.)  narrated that some of his companions said, “When Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) intended to send him (Mu’adh Bin Jabal) to Yemen, he asked: “How will you judge when the occasion of deciding a case arises?”  He replied, I shall judge in accordance with Allah’s Book.   He was asked: “(What will you do) if you do not find any guidance in Allah’s Book?”  He replied, “(I shall act) in accordance with the Sunnah of Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ).”   He (ﷺ) asked, “(What will you do) if you do not find any guidance in the Sunnah of Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) and in Allah’s Book?”  He replied, “I shall do my best to form an opinion and I shall spare no effort.”  Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) then patted him on the breast and said: “Praise be to Allah Who has helped Allah’s Messenger to find something which pleases Allah’s Messenger.”   (Abu Dawud 3585)

When I want to talk to allah I say prayers and when I want that he talk to me I recite quran- Hazrath Ali(ra)

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