Bidat-Meaning
“Bismillahir Rahmannir Raheem”Al-Hamdu Lillaahi Rabbil ‘Aalameen was Salaatu was- Salaamu ‘Alaa Sayidinaa Muhammadin wa Aalihi wa Asabihi Ajma ‘een (tauheed- risalat- ahkirat and islam-iman-ihsan)
Bidat
Bid’ah, literally means innovation/new thing. In general usage of speech we say bidat (verbally/ Logaviyya) for innovation/newthing .but the innovations of the Sahaaba are called Sunnat-e-Sahaaba, not Bidat. (in shariah)
Hafidhh ibn Taymiyyah —-If a new thing has origin in the Qur’an and Sunnah it will be called Bid’ah Logaviyya (verbally) but not Bid’ah in Shari’ah. Only the word bid’ah will be used on the new things. Like, the Qur’an was collected in one book after the Prophet Muhammad [ﷺ], and the congregational Taravi prayer was started in Sayyidna Umar’s time but these two things have an origin in the Sunnah. Therefore, it will be called bid’ah verbally. (Iqtidah al Sirat al Mustaqeem chap on Bid’ah by Hafidhh ibn Taymiyya).
This is usage. Otherwise, Hadrat Umar (ra), himself said after fixing Taraweeh salaah with Jamaat, “This is indeed a very excellent innovation (Bidat).”
Examples to understand –46/9, 2/117, 57/27… The literal meaning of Bid at has been used in these verses (i.c. to create, to make new, etc).
“Say, “1 am not a new Rasool,” 46/9
”The Creator of the heavens and earth,” 2/117
About rahbaniat(seclusion) 57/27
It is now used in three meanings,
1. A new action that came to be after the Holy Prophet (ﷺ).
2. An action against the Sunnat which removes a Sunnat.
The second and third meanings of innovation refer only to a Bad Innovation. The second meaning was meant by the pious when they said, “Every Innovation is Bad (Sayyia).”
3. Bad or false beliefs (aqaaid) that came to be afterwards.
The third meaning is meant by the Hadith, “Every Innovation is a deviance.” (Bad or false beliefs (aqaaid) that came to be afterwards)Thus, the Ahadith and rulings of the Ulama are not in conflict.
Imam Nawawi —- Bid’ah sayyiah is a Bid’ah that opposes the Qur’an and sunnah and Bidah Hasanah is a Bid’ah that is not against the Qur’an or Sunnah. [Tahzeeb al Asma wal lughaat word Bid’ah by Imam Nawawi]
Hafidhh ibn Rajjab — bida to mean new things that have no basis in the Qur’an or Sunnah. If a new practice has evidence from the Qur’an or Sunnah it will not be Bid’ah Shari’ah, but it will be Bid’ah Logaviyya (linguistic). (Jaami’ Al Uloom Al Hukkam page 252 by Hafidhh ibn Rajjab).
Hafidhh Asqalani — if a new thing is against Islam, it will be bad. If it is not against Islam, it will be hasanah (Good). (Fathul Bari chap on Taravi by Hafidhh Asqalani).
Qadi Shawkani —If a new thing opposes the Qur’an and Sunnah then it is Say’iah, but if it is not against the Shari’ah then it is Hasanah.(Nayl-ul-Autaar, Qadi Shawkani chapter Salaah Al Taravee).
if a new thing has been started, and it neither goes against the Qur’an or Sunnah, then it can be declared a ‘good’ innovation. However, if a new act is initiated against the Qur’an and Sunnah, that will be called bad bid’ah, or a reprehensible innovation.
Hafiz Ibn Hajar al-Haytami defined the Sunni Muslims as follows in his book Fath al-jawad: “A mubtadi (innovator) is the person who does not have the faith (aqid’ah) conveyed unanimously by the Ahl as-Sunnah. This unanimity was transmitted by the two great Imam’s Abu’l Hasan al-Ashari (d.324/936; Rahimahullah) and Abu Mansur al-Maturidi (d.333/944; Rahimahullah) and the scholars who followed their path.
Imam Shafi’i (d. 204/820) has said, “Anything which has a support (mustanad) from the shari’a is not bid’a, even if the early Muslims did not do it” (Ahmad al-Ghimari, Tashnif al-adhan, Cairo: Maktaba al-Khanji, n.d., 133).
When I want to talk to allah I say prayers and when I want that he talk to me I recite quran- Hazrath Ali(ra)
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